Turbocharger and turbo intercooler diagram & explanation

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Turbocharger

Last updated on October 9th, 2023 at 03:03 pm

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Turbochargers and turbo intercoolers are getting more and more popular because, with their help of it, engine size can be kept smaller. and the company also improving the turbocharging system as well. like twin-turbo, quad-turbo, etc for petrol and diesel vehicles.

Working on a turbocharger animation.

About This Blog

  • In this blog, I am covering a most important topic called Turbochargers.
  • This Topic will help Mechanical & Automobile, Engineering Students.
  • Besides this for your good understanding, I have given some videos link.
  • And for students, I have given several turbo intercooler diagrams in this article.
Turbocharger

Content

  1. What is the Turbocharger & Intercooler?
  2. Parts of a turbocharger with turbo intercooler diagram?
  3. Working of the turbocharger, use & its type?
  4. How twin-turbocharging system works?
Turbocharger

Turbocharger –

  • A turbocharger is an air pump used to push a large amount of air into the engine.
  • Turbocharger pushes air at higher atmospheric pressure & temperature than outside.

Intercooler –

Turbocharger and turbo intercooler diagram & explanation
  • An intercooler is used to cool the air which is entering the cylinder.
  • it is usually mounted in front of the radiator in the car.

Parts of the turbocharger –

  1. Compressor wheel.
  2. Housing compressor wheel.
  3. Turbine wheel.
  4. Housing turbine wheel.
  5. Shaft.
  6. Bearing.
  7. Seals.
Repairing Of Turbo Charger.

Working of Turbocharger –

  • The turbocharger is always mounted on the exhaust manifold.
  • When you start the engine exhaust gases start coming out of the engine.
  • & because the turbocharger is mounted on the exhaust manifold on the side of the turbine housing.
  • Turbine housing directs the air on the turbine wheel which turns the turbine wheel.
  • In addition to this Turbine wheel stay connected to the compressor wheel.
  • Then compressor wheel pushes the air into the cylinder.
  • Because the compressor wheel & turbine wheel stay mounted on the same shaft.
  • That’s why rotates at the same time.
  • The compressor wheel also has a housing that stays connected to the intake manifold.
  • Air Filter connected to the air inlet of the compressor housing & outlet connected to intake manifold.
  • Turbine housing inlet connected to exhaust manifold and outlet to exhaust pipe.
  • Turbo also has some bearing & sealing in the shaft.
Turbocharger and turbo intercooler diagram & explanation

Lubrication of turbo.

  • Turbo uses the same lubrication as the engine uses.
  • The lubrication pipe is staying connected to the turbo which comes from the engine.
Turbocharger and turbo intercooler diagram & explanation

Intercooler –

  • The intercooler is a heat exchanger used for cooling the air that comes from the turbo.
  • When turbo compresses the air the temperature of the air increases.
  • As result hot air consists lower amount of oxygen.
  • Which reduces the performance of the engine.
  • So intercooler is connected between the Compressor housing outlet & intake manifold.

Use of turbocharger –

  • Turbo is used to increase the efficiency of the engine.
  • Turbo pumps a lot of fresh air into the engine after passing from the intercooler.
  • Because cool air carries more oxygen hence fuel burns properly & the engine produces more power.
  • A diesel engine uses a turbo & intercooler mainly.

Types of Turbo Chargers –

There are two types of turbochargers found in vehicles that are Variable Geometry Turbo and Fixed Geometry turbocharger. but now a day variable geometry turbochargers are getting more popular.

Because these turbochargers work at a different speed if you are driving at a slow pace and in low gear it respond quickly as you press the throttle and if you are driving at a high-speed turbocharger pumps less air into the engine and don’t the impeller spins slower. I have explained it above.

Turbocharger and turbo intercooler diagram & explanation
  • This type of turbo adjusts automatically according to engine speed.
  • When you press the accelerator turbo takes time to spin faster.
  • It usually happens below 2000 RPM this is called TURBO LAG.
  • To overcome this turbo is now equipped with guide vanes.
  • As a result, air can be easily guided on the turbine wheels.
  • & turbo spins faster at low speed.

Fixed Geometry Turbo

  • This type of turbo spin at a constant speed all the time.
  • & usually found on generators & slow-speed machines.
  • Modern cars currently using vgt turbo system.

How twin-turbo system works?

Now today’s modern vehicle either diesel or petrol comes with a twin-turbo charger system that contains two turbos usually one is small and another is larger in size and remains connected with each other. Read More

FAQ on turbo

Q1- What does a turbo charger actually do?

Ans- Turbo Charger actually supplies a large amount of air into the engine for combustion. and it helps the engine to breathe efficiently even at higher altitude areas and is mounted on the exhaust manifold. working of the turbo is explained above.

Q3- Does a turbocharger add horsepower?

Ans- Yes, a turbocharger adds horsepower to the engine and a smaller capacity engine can develop similar power as a large engine pump. and turbocharger comes in different sizes usually for an 80-150 hp engine smaller turbocharger is used and for 200 hp and above larger turbocharger is used. because the smaller turbo is great for low to moderated speed and for high speed, larger turbos are used, and sometimes twin turbocharger is used in big V12 engines.

Q2- What is a turbocharger in a car?

Ans- A turbocharger is a kind of air pump that supplies air to the engine which helps the internal combustion engine to burn fuel efficiently and produce more power.

Q4- Can you put a turbo on any car?

Ans- yes, you can put or install a turbocharger in any car but you need to get your exhaust manifold modified and a proper turbo kit with all the necessary parts to install it like intercooler and intake pipes, etc. and it should be done by the experts only.

Q5- At what speed does the turbo kick in?

Ans- Usually a turbo kicks about 1500 rpm and its compressor spins up to 1lakh rpm or more. but at high-speed turbo produce less boost.

Q6- How can I add 200 hp to my car?

Ans- well, you haven’t mentioned what kind of car you have. like if you have a 1-liter petrol engine you can easily get up to 150 hp and if you have a 2 or 3000-cc engine you can get over 200 hp but you also required a turbo kit and proper calibration between the engine and the turbo. because recessive turbo boost can reduce your engine’s life.

Q7- Do turbos shorten engine life?

Ans- well the and is yes. if your engine is naturally aspirated and lower in cc or capacity and you installed a large turbo kit then your engine simply can’t handle that much boost hence your engine life gets reduced. but in case your car is already equipped with a turbo then a turbo is not going to effects your car’s engine life. because that engine is designed to handle it.

  1. How does Turbocharger make the animation?
  2.  Repairing Turbo?
  3. How the turbo works?
  4. What is 4-stroke engine?

In this blog, I have tried to provide information related to the turbo as much as possible if you like it then plz share it with your friends.

Thank You

Avinash sharma (Blogger).

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